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    I have a unique background as a board-certified psychiatrist who also completed a movement disorders fellowship (at Washington University, 1994-1996). Not surprisingly, my clinical interests focus on the interface between psychiatry and movement disorders. That interface includes movement disorders traditionally managed by psychiatrists (like Huntington's disease, Tourette syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, catatonia, and so-called psychogenic movement disorders), in addition to psychological symptoms in other movement disorders (like Parkinson's disease and dystonia). I maintain a clinical practice one half day a week at the Washington University Movement Disorders Center.
    Most of my current imaging research is focused on Tourette syndrome, including a prospective study of new-onset tics (with Brad Schlaggar and Deanna Greene), a nascent TS imaging consortium (with Brad Schlaggar and investigators from NYU, KKI/JHU, UCLA, and USC), a recently completed fMRI study of dopamine function in TS using both cognitive and pharmacological probes (with Tamara Hershey), and a levodopa challenge [¹¹C]raclopride PET study (with Mark Mintun).
    I have also developed a method for creating 3D statistical images that show the likelihood that deep brain stimulation (DBS) at a given location in or near the subthalamic nucleus (STN) will improve or worsen motor or nonmotor symptoms. Importantly, this method also corrects for multiple comparisons. Sarah Eisenstein and other coworkers have worked with me to test this method on previously collected DBS data (with Joel Perlmutter and colleagues), and Tamara Hershey and I will be applying this method to analyze data from our ongoing prospective study of DBS’s effects on mood in Parkinson disease.
    Past research includes the first ever functional imaging study in any non-human species that averaged data across subjects in atlas space, the first neuroimaging study of Parkinson patients with ultradian levodopa-related mood fluctuations, the first published human pharmacological activation neuroimaging study of an investigational new drug, or to calculate quantitative EC₅₀ values, and a method for designing and analyzing pharmacologic challenge fMRI (phMRI) experiments that, at least in simulated data, can reliably provide quantitative pharmacodynamic information (such as EC₅₀ in ng/mL) from a single imaging session (patent application in prosecution).

Selected Publications (see more on ResearcherID or PubMed).

• Black KJ, Hershey T, Koller JM, Videen TO, Mintun MA, Price JL, Perlmutter JS: A possible substrate for dopamine-related changes in mood and behavior: Prefrontal and limbic effects of a D3-preferring dopamine agonist. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99(26):17113-17118.
• Hershey T, Black KJ, Hartlein J, Barch DM, Braver TS, Carl JL, Perlmutter JS: Cognitive-pharmacologic fMRI in Tourette syndrome: A pilot study. Biol Psychiatry 2004; 55(9):916-925.
• Gordon MR,^* Markham J, Hartlein JM, Koller JM, Loftin S, Black KJ: Intravenous levodopa administration in humans based on a tracer kinetic model. J Neurosci Methods 2007; 159(2):300-307.
• Greene DJ,^* Black KJ, Schlaggar BL: Neurobiology and functional anatomy of tic disorders. Chapter 14 in Martino D, Leckman JF (eds.), Tourette Syndrome. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012. [in press]
• Eisenstein SA,^* Koller JM, Piccirillo M,^* Kim A, Videen TO, Moerlein SM, Black KJ, Perlmutter JS, Hershey T: Characterization of extrastriatal D2 receptor binding of [¹⁸F](N-methyl)benperidol using PET imaging. [submitted]

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